From: Seasonal and population differences in migration of Whimbrels in the East Asian–Australasian Flyway
Migration characteristics | Northward migration | Southward migration | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MB (n = 3) | RB (n = 7) | Total (n = 10) | MB (n = 3) | RB (n = 5) | Total (n = 8) | |
Distance of the first leg flight (km) | 7121 (412) | 4791 (222) | 5490 (1156) | 1292 (135) | 2182 (1917) | 1915 (1624) |
Percentage of the first leg flight distance (%) | 55 (6) | 44 (6) | 48 (8) | 10 (1) | 11 (10) | 11 (8) |
Duration of first leg flight (days) | 6.1 (0.9) | 4.6 (0.8) | 5.1 (1.1) | 1.1 (1.5) | 2.3 (1.2) | 1.9 (1.3) |
Stopover duration in Yellow Sea (days) | 14.4 (14.3) | 11.6 (9.4) | 12.4 (10.3) | 11.2 (19.3) | 26.1 (23.9) | 20.5 (22.2) |
Stopover duration in Yellow Sea (%) | 50.4 (50.0) | 48.3 (38.6) | 48.9 (39.4) | 17.8 (30.8) | 38.2 (38.7) | 30.5 (35.2) |
Stopover duration in China’s coast (days) | 5.0 (8.7) | 18.3 (4.9) | 14.3 (8.6) | 0 (0) | 28.8 (18.0) | 18.0 (20.2) |
Stopover duration in China’s coast (%) | 17.0 (29.4) | 77.6 (22.2) | 59.4 (37.1) | 0 (0) | 48.2 (34.4) | 30.1 (36.1) |
Date of start migration | 18-Apr (1.4) | 19-Apr (0.9) | 19-Apr (1.1) | 29-Jul (2.5) | 27-Jul (8.1) | 28-Jul (6.9) |
Date of finish migration | 3-Jun (6.5) | 28-May (11.3) | 30-May (10.0) | 22-Oct (8.4) | 25-Oct (36.3) | 24-Oct (27.8) |
Migration distance (km) | 12,991 (716) | 11,018 (1769) | 11,609 (1763) | 12,565 (140) | 11,418 (969) | 11,848 (945) |
Migration duration (days) | 45 (6) | 39 (11) | 41 (10.10) | 84 (7) | 94 (35) | 90 (27.4) |
Migration speed (km/day) | 291 (27) | 289 (366) | 290 (32.2) | 149 (11) | 134 (43) | 140 (33.9) |
Overall stopover duration (days) | 29.3 (1.1) | 24.2 (4.5) | 25.7 (4.5) | 66.5 (7.1) | 66.4 (31.9) | 66.4 (26.2) |
Detour index of migration route | 0.79 (0.05) | 0.89 (0.11) | 0.86 (0.11) | 0.81 (0.02) | 0.86 (0.05) | 0.84 (0.04) |